Implant Stability Measurements Research Articles

A longitudinal analysis of the impact of nonsurgical and surgical treatment of peri-implantitis upon clinical parameters and implant stability quotient values.A 2-3-year follow-up.

In this study, the aim was to investigate the medium- to long-term impact of peri-implantitis treatment upon clinical parameters and implant stability quotient values and to ascertain if magnetic resonance frequency analysis can be used as a diagnostic tool to demonstrate postoperative healing following treatment of peri-implantitis. A total of n = 26 patients (n = 86 implants) diagnosed with peri-implantitis were recruited for this prospective cohort study and four different treatment modalities were used. Baseline measurements of a number of clinical parameters as well as implant stability measurements in the form of ISQ were recorded. These measurements were repeated at 6, 12, and 24-36 months following treatment. Analysis of variance was performed for all implants treated as well as separately for each treatment modality. A regression model was also used to determine factors affecting ISQ measurements over time. Treatment of peri-implantitis resulted in significant improvements of both average PPDs and BOP (p < .0001 and p < .01). ISQ values marginally improved initially for all treatment modalities, but improvement was only maintained for 2-3 years in treatment modalities I (+1.28), III (+1.49), and IV (+2.92). There was a statistically significant negative linear correlation between average PPD and the ISQ values recorded both at baseline (r = -.618, p < 0.0001) and at 2/3 years (r = -.604, p < 0.0001). Over the 2-3-year follow-up period, all four treatment modalities led to improved clinical and radiographic peri-implant parameters but implant stability posttreatment, as indicated by the fact that the recorded ISQ scores remained stable. As a result, use of MRFA as an adjunct to the traditionally used periodontal and radiographic tools for the evaluation of postoperative implant stability following the treatment of peri-implant disease cannot be recommended.

Reliability of the multipeg™ transducer in measuring dental implant stability by using a resonance frequency analysis device (Osstell®): An observational clinical study

Background: Measuring implant stability is an important issue in predicting treatment success. Dental implant stability is usually measured through resonance frequency analysis (RFA). Osstell® RFA devices can be used with transducers (Smartpeg™) that correspond to the implants used as well as with transducers designed for application with Penguin® RFA devices (Multipeg™). Aims: This study aims to assess the reliability of a MultiPeg™ transducer with an Osstell® device in measuring dental implant stability. Materials and Methods: Sixteen healthy participants who required dental implant treatment were enrolled in this study. Implant stability was measured by using an Osstell® device with two transducers, namely, Smartpeg™ and Multipeg™. Insertion torque was also measured and recorded as &gt;50 and ≤50 N·cm. Unpaired t-test and Mann–Whitney U test were conducted to assess the relationships of the implant stability values obtained by the two transducers with insertion torque, whereas Pearson and Spearman's correlations were utilized to investigate correlations between the two transducers. Interclass correlation coefficients were applied to assess the reliability between the two transducers. Results: Implant stability measurements (primary and secondary) showed strong positive correlations between Smartpeg™ and Multipeg™. The reliability values between both transducers in primary and secondary implant stability measurements were 0.922 and 0.981, respectively. The use of both transducers revealed higher implant stability measurements for implants inserted with insertion torque &gt; 50 N·cm than those inserted with insertion torque ≤ 50 N·cm. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the Multipeg™ transducer is reliable in measuring the stability of dental implants using an Osstell® device.   

A three-year prospective cohort study evaluating implant stability utilising the osstell® and periotest™ devices

ObjectivesTo investigate implant stability measurements from two different devices and at three different time points in order to determine their level of correlation. To also evaluate the influence of a range of clinical characteristics on the values produced by the devices at these three time points.Materials &amp;amp; MethodsMeasurements were recorded at implant placement (T1), implant exposure (T2) and at 3 years from implant placement (T3). A range of clinical data was collected including patient demographics and site characteristics. Stability measurements and clinical characteristics were recorded for 29 patients and 68 dental implants at T1, subsequent stability measurements were recorded for 67 implants at T2 and 58 implants at T3. Correlation testing between the Osstell® and Periotest™ devices was carried out utilising Spearman's rank correlation for each time point. Analysis of the difference between clinical factors and stability measurements was compared using Krushal-Wallis test for each variable and time point.ResultsA single dental implant failed shortly after 2nd stage surgery for an overall survival rate of 98% during the study timeline. The median ISQ value was 73.25 (IQR 67–75) at T1 and 74 (IQR 70.5–77) at T3. The median Periotest value was −4 (IQR −6, −2) at T1 and −6 (IQR −7, −5) at T3. The range of ISQ values observed was 50 (39–89) ISQ at T1 and decreased to 21 (61–82) ISQ at T3. The Periotest values ranged from 37 (29 to −8) at T1 and decreased to 6 (−2 to −8) at T3. A weak to moderate correlation was observed between mean ISQ and Periotest values across time-points T1, T2 and T3, (r = −0.26, p = 0.05), (r = −0.35, p &amp;lt; 0.01) and (r = −0.28, p = 0.04) respectively.ConclusionsBased on the results of this study there was a weak to moderate level of correlation between values recorded between the two measurement devices at implant placement, implant exposure and three years following placement. For both the Osstell® and Periotest™ a narrowing of the range of stability values was observed from T1 to T3. In general, Periotest™ seemed to be more sensitive in highlighting differences in measurements affected by local conditions.

Influence of multiple use and sterilization of Penguin MulTipeg on the accuracy of implant stability measurement

Influence of multiple use and sterilization of Penguin MulTipeg on the accuracy of implant stability measurement

Validation of an implant stability measurement device using the percussion response: a clinical research study

BackgroundSeveral devices have been developed to measure implant-bone stability as an indicator of successful implant treatment; these include Osstell®, which measures the implant stability quotient (ISQ), and the more recent AnyCheck®, which relies on percussion for the implant stability test (IST). These devices make it possible to measure implant stability. However, no studies have compared the performance of AnyCheck® and Osstell® (i.e., IST and ISQ values) in clinical practice. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the correlation between primary and secondary implant stability using the Osstell® and AnyCheck® devices.MethodsTen patients (7 women; age [mean ± standard deviation]: 49.1 ± 13.3 years) with partially edentulous jaws who received a total of 15 implants were included. IST (AnyCheck®) and ISQ (Osstell®) values were measured immediately after implantation and at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 weeks post-implantation. Each measurement was performed three times, and the average value was used as the result. The correlation between measurements obtained using the two devices was determined using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.ResultsThe IST values ranged from 79.1 ± 2.87 to 82.4 ± 2.65. The ISQ values ranged from 76.0 ± 2.8 to 80.2 ± 2.35. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was r = 0.64 immediately after implantation, r = 0.29 at 1 week, r = 0.68 at 2 weeks, r = 0.53 at 3 weeks, r = 0.68 at 4 weeks, and r = 0.56 at 6 weeks. A positive correlation was found in all cases, except at week 1 when the correlation was weak; the IST and ISQ values decreased the most during the first postoperative week and increased during the second week. The IST values were also slightly higher at all measurement points.ConclusionThe ability to assess implant stability without removing the abutment during healing is essential for determining the timing of loading without the risk of bone resorption. The results of this study suggest that AnyCheck® is useful for determining primary and secondary implant stability.

Effectiveness of the photobiomodulation therapy using low-level laser around dental implants: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy has been applied in various fields. Its use in implant dentistry has been proven through various animal, in vitro, and recently also clinical studies. However, the cumulative data of its effect around dental implants in patients is limited. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether or not the PBM therapy has a positive effect around dental implants and on implant stability. The studies included in the review and meta-analysis were selected according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and the PICOS criteria. The RoB 2 tool was used for assessing the risk of bias and the RevMan software, v. 5.0, was used for meta-analysis. Quantitative analysis was done considering the implant stability measurement as the outcome. The mean and standard deviation (M ±SD) values for implant stability as well as the sample size were extracted from the articles, and the inverse variance method with random effects was used for meta-analysis. The forest plots for all time intervals were inspected to estimate the heterogeneity by assessing the I2 statistic. A total of 148 articles were initially retrieved, out of which 81 remained after duplicate removal. Ten articles were included in the review after rejecting 68 on the basis of title and abstract. Seven were eligible for quantitative analysis. The meta-analysis showed non-significant differences in primary stability in control and laser groups at baseline (p = 0.63) and 3 months and above (p = 0.06). At 2 weeks, 1 month and 2 months, the results were statistically significant with p = 0.01, p = 0.02 and p = 0.04, respectively. The PBM therapy showed a positive effect on implant stability during the early stages of healing and can be considered for patients with dental implants.

“One day visit”: a predictable clinical procedure.

The present clinical case aims to introduce a cluster of techniques based on a digital and biological basis, to be used at intrasurgical time, in order to achieve a predictable clinical outcome. In fact, the possibility of merging data could allow a single-step procedure, introducing concepts like ‘one day visit’ with Socket shield (SS), implant and provisional crown, same-day delivery. This procedure is well accepted by the patient as reducing surgery sessions and prosthetic time. A CBCT and a digital impression were used for initial diagnosis, obtaining data about tooth anatomy, bone quality, and bundle bone extension. Surgical planning and relative stent, allowed a careful position of implant inter-radicularly to achieve best primary stability, required for an immediate load on the mandibular molar area. It was first performed an SS on molar #46, with a seagull wing configuration (i.e., maintaining a small septum area between vestibular roots laminae. The implant was positioned in the inter-radicular area using a safe surgical stent: IT, IT curve and the implant stability quotient (ISQ (>70) were measured establishing criteria for immediate loading. An intra surgical impression scan was taken using a T-Base system allowing the planning of an immediate digital provisional crown in 40 minutes. Meanwhile, the SS shoulder was reduced, root spaces were filled with bone chips mixed with Fibrin glue and covered with platelet-rich-fibrin (PRF) A large healing cap was inserted on waiting time. The provisional crown fit was excellent requiring minor adjustment, and was immediately positioned. Seven months later a digital crown copy on disilicate was inserted. SS proved to maintain marginal gingiva and bundle bone. A novel intrasurgical action allows the implant stability measurement and immediate digital impression, picking high-quality prosthetic data.(time 0 concept. Follow-up shows crown stability and maintenance of both soft and hard tissue volume over 3 years. This is a proof of principle clinical case. Hardware & Software technologies were used to improve the predictability of outcome and stability over time of soft and hard tissue. Several activities were done at intra-surgical time and allowed to achieve unique data for prosthetic planning. The SS typically used on an anterior maxillary area was here used on posterior region and it is a fundamental step on ‘single day visit’ approach. The technique is operator sensitive and may not be applicable in any single case. More studies and clinical confirmation are therefore required.

Impact of lattice versus solid structure of 3D-printed multiroot dental implants using Ti-6Al-4V: a preclinical pilot study.

PurposeVarious studies have investigated 3-dimensional (3D)-printed implants using Ti-6Al-4V powder; however, multi-root 3D-printed implants have not been fully investigated. The purpose of this study was to explore the stability of multirooted 3D-printed implants with lattice and solid structures. The secondary outcomes were comparisons between the 2 types of 3D-printed implants in micro-computed tomographic and histological analyses.MethodsLattice- and solid-type 3D-printed implants for the left and right mandibular third premolars in beagle dogs were fabricated. Four implants in each group were placed immediately following tooth extraction. Implant stability measurement and periapical X-rays were performed every 2 weeks for 12 weeks. Peri-implant bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured by micro-computed tomography. Bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area fraction occupancy (BAFO) were measured in histomorphometric analyses.ResultsAll 4 lattice-type 3D-printed implants survived. Three solid-type 3D-printed implants were removed before the planned sacrifice date due to implant mobility. A slight, gradual increase in implant stability values from implant surgery to 4 weeks after surgery was observed in the lattice-type 3D-printed implants. The marginal bone change of the surviving solid-type 3D-printed implant was approximately 5 mm, whereas the value was approximately 2 mm in the lattice-type 3D-printed implants. BV/TV and BMD in the lattice type 3D-printed implants were similar to those in the surviving solid-type implant. However, BIC and BAFO were lower in the surviving solid-type 3D-printed implant than in the lattice-type 3D-printed implants.ConclusionsWithin the limits of this preclinical study, 3D-printed implants of double-rooted teeth showed high primary stability. However, 3D-printed implants with interlocking structures such as lattices might provide high secondary stability and successful osseointegration.

COMPARISON BETWEEN STRONTIUM RANELATE AND METAL SUBSTITUTED HYDROXYAPATITE AS GRAFTING MATERIALS IN TREATMENT OF PERI-IMPLANT BONY DEFECTS WITH IMMEDIATE IMPLANTS (CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY)

Objective:The aim of this study is to compare between both of strontium ranelate and metallic substitute of hydroxyapatite as grafting materials in the treatment of peri-implant bony defects with immediate placement of dental implant in type I extraction sites within maxillary esthetic zone among clinical and experimental levels. This assessment was based on clinical, radiographic and histological studies. Subjects and Methods: The present study was carried on two types of population among both experimental levels on experimental white albinus rabbits and on clinical level among human patients for replacement of non-restorable maxillaryanterior and/or premolar teeth within esthetic zone by immediate implant. A written informed consent was obtained from all patients before their participation in this study.Patients were classified into two groups: the first one was with five patients with non-restorable maxillary anterior or premolar tooth that was treated by an immediately placed implant in conjunction with metallic substituted hydroxyapatite while the second one was treated by an immediately placed implant in conjunction with strontium ranelate as grafting material.The second sample population of study was carried out among ten male white (newzland) experimental rabbits with average body weight between 2.5 and 3 KG and within suitable environmental conditions in Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC) in faculty of medicine, Mansoura University. All rabbits sample was also divided equally and randomly in two groups with five rabbits within each one by the same criteria as mentioned where the first group was composed of five rabbits that received dental implant within intentionally made defect in tibia by trephine bur in conjunction with metallic substituted hydroxyl apatite as grafting material within gap between implant and defect and the second group was with the same criteria and procedures with strontium ranelategafting material within the defect. Pre-oparative photographs and cone beam computed topography (CBCT) were taken for study sample population. Within clinical patients, immediately paced dental implant have been placed in anterior esthetic zone with bone grafting around dental implant according to each group, Immediate CBCT and implant stability measurements has been taken after surgery followed by six months follow-up period to evaluate marginal bone loss, bone density, papillary esthetic score, implant stability and probing depth around dental implants. While within experimental animals trephine bur was used to intentionally create the bony defect that will simulate defect around immediate dental implant with grafting material around according to each group with six months follow-up to evaluate marginal bone loss, implant stability,bone density and for histological examination around implant within grafted area. All data were collected and statistically analyzed. Results:Generally among both clinical and experimental levels within both of clinical patients and experimental rabbits, metal substituted hydroxyl apatite (MSHAP) showed better results with significant difference than that presented in other group that has received Strontium ranelate (Sr) as a grafting material to fill the bony marginal gap around immediate dental implant during six months follow-up study period. Results presented high difference of significance between two groups in experimental and clinical levels in concern with both implant stability, marginal bone loss and even in bone quality and denisty when measured after six months follow-up. On the other hand there was no significant difference in concern with soft tissue response after six months in relation with peri-implant probing depth and MSHAP showed slight better results than that of Sr in records of papillary esthetic scores among clinical patients. Histological results showed better response of surrounding bony tissues towards MSHAP than that of Sr with more affinity of osteoblasts and osteocytes to the site of the grafted area. Conclusions:Metallic substituted hydroxyl-apatite (MSHAP) with its additive magnetic molecules within hydroxyapatite structure has better bony response from surrounding bony tissues than that provided by Strontium Ranelate (Sr) according to bone filling and preservation with less marginal loss, more affinity of new osteoblasts and mature osteocytes, long term implant stability after grafting and better bone density and quality at the grafted area around immediate dental implants in anterior maxillary area.

A Clinical Evaluation of Minimally Invasive Ponto Surgery With a Modified Drill System for Inserting Bone-Anchored Hearing Implants.

Objective:To compare 6-months outcomes of the modified minimally invasive Ponto surgery (m-MIPS) to both the linear incision technique with soft tissue preservation (LIT-TP), and original MIPS (o-MIPS) for inserting bone-anchored hearing implants (BAHIs).Study design:Exploratory pilot study with one test group and two historical control groups.Setting:Tertiary referral center.Patients:In the test group, 24 patients (25 implants) were prospectively included. Each control group comprised 25 patients (25 implants) who participated in previously conducted clinical trials.Interventions:The test group received a BAHI using m-MIPS. The two control groups underwent surgery using the LIT-TP and o-MIPS, respectively.Main outcome measures:Implant survival, implant stability, and surgery-related variables were compared between the test and control groups. Soft tissue status, skin sensibility, and subjective numbness were compared between m-MIPS and LIT-TP only.Results:Implant survival was comparable between m-MIPS and LIT-TP, whereas implant stability measurements were slightly lower for m-MIPS. M-MIPS resulted in comparable adverse skin reactions and skin sensibility, significantly reduced surgical time and slightly improved subjective numbness, compared with LIT-TP. Between m-MIPS and o-MIPS, no statistically significant differences in implant survival, implant stability and surgical time were observed.Conclusions:A trend toward lower implant loss rates after m-MIPS was observed, when compared with o-MIPS. M-MIPS seems to be a good alternative to LIT-TP for inserting BAHIs, since most clinical outcomes were either comparable or slightly better for m-MIPS. Upon deciding on which technique to use, larger studies on implant survival should be performed. Furthermore, other aspects such as costs, training aspects and surgical experience should be evaluated.

EVALUATION OF IMMEDIATE IMPLANT PLACEMENT WITH A MODIFIED SOCKET SHIELD TECHNIQUE USING XENOGENIC BONE GRAFT (A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL)

ABSTRACT Background: Modified Socket shield technique, is an approach used to help maintain buccal bone level after implant insertion. However, the significance of bone grafting of the gap between the labial shield and the implant, in improving bone regeneration and prevention of the soft tissue ingrowth, has been described. Aim of the study: Evaluation of clinical and radiographic outcomes of using xenogenic bone graft on outcome of immediate dental implant placement using the modified socket shield technique. Material and method: 16 patients were divided into two study groups. Control group received an immediate implant with modified socket shield technique. Test group received immediate implant with modified socket shield and bone graft put in the buccal gap. Outcome measurement was primary and secondary implant stability measurement and radiographic evaluation. Results: Peri-implant BMD after 6 months for the test group showed to increase with a % change median of 39.4 % and this was found to be significantly higher than the control group. Implant secondary stability was found to be significantly higher in the test group with a median of 78 ISQ compared to 73 ISQ for the control group. Conclusion: DBBM is effective in healing of peri-implant defect and provides an appropriate stability and enhanced BMD. However, this technique requires proper case selection and is considered highly sensitive. Abbreviations: BMD = bone mineral density, BBH = Buccal bone height, ISQ = Implant stability quotient. . DBBM = Deproteinized Bovine Bone Mineral.;

Narrow Ridge Expansion for Implant Placement Using Ultrasonic Bone Surgery and Platelet Rich Fibrin With and Without Silk Fibroin.

ABSTRACT Object: To evaluate the effect of combined split-crest technique using ultrasonic bone surgery with platelet rich fibrin alone and in combination with silk fibroin for dental implant placement in narrow ridge. Subject and Methods: A total of 24 implants inserted in 18 patients with narrow ridge. Patients were assigned into one of the following 2 groups based on the graft material used. For group I, the peri implant gap was filled with silk fibroin mixed with PRF while for group 2 was filled with PRF only. All patients undergone a ridge splitting technique using piezoelectrical device and immediate implant placment. Assessments included measurements of the ridge width, implant stability and bone density. Results: The differences in implant stability measurements were non- significant in both groups at baseline however, at 6 months was statistically significant (P=0.001) in favor of silk fibroin group. Additionally, the differences in mean crest width measurements between both studied groups, were statistically non- significant at base line and immediately after surgery while silk fibroin group exhibited a statistically significant (P=0.010) increase in mean crest width measurements at 6 months. Moreover, silk fibroin group also showed higher and statistically significant (P=0.001) mean bone density measurements, at 6 months compared to PRF group. Conclusions: Compared to PRF alone, adding silk fibroin might provide a better reconstruction of ridge width, implant stability and bone density in the narrow ridge augmented with crest splitting and immediate implants.

Comparison of 3D-Printed Dental Implants with Threaded Implants for Osseointegration: An Experimental Pilot Study.

This study aimed to compare bone healing and implant stability for three types of dental implants: a threaded implant, a three-dimensional (3D)-printed implant without spikes, and a 3D-printed implant with spikes. In four beagle dogs, left and right mandibular premolars (2nd, 3rd, and 4th) and 1st molars were removed. Twelve weeks later, three types of titanium implants (threaded implant, 3D-printed implant without spikes, and 3D-printed implant with spikes) were randomly inserted into the edentulous ridges of each dog. Implant stability measurements and radiographic recordings were taken every two weeks following implant placement. Twelve weeks after implant surgery, the dogs were sacrificed and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area fraction occupied (BAFO) were compared between groups. At implant surgery, the primary stability was lower for the 3D-printed implant with spikes (74.05 ± 5.61) than for the threaded implant (83.71 ± 2.90) (p = 0.005). Afterwards, no significant difference in implants’ stability was observed between groups up to post-surgery week 12. Histomorphometrical analysis did not reveal a significant difference between the three implants for BIC (p = 0.101) or BAFO (p = 0.288). Within the limits of this study, 3D-printed implants without spikes and threaded implants showed comparable implant stability measurements, BIC, and BAFO.

Comparative study between two types of bone graft in dental implant

ABSTRACT: Introduction osseointegration around dental implant is the key word of implant stability and bone grafts have a big share for enhancing osseointegration . Aim of the study: To evaluate the efficacy of two different types of bone graft, the (OsteonII) and (Biogen). Patients and methods: This study was carried out on fifteen healthy male patientswith averageage from 20 to 40 years old.. 15 immediate dental implants were dividedinto (group1)immediate placement of 6 dental implant into fresh extracted bony socket with bone graft OsteonII,(group 2) immediate placement of 6 dental implant with bone graft BioGen and in, (group 3)immediate placement of 3dental implant into fresh extracted bony socket without bone graft.Clinical examination was donefor all patients befor surgery. Radiographic evaluation using CBCT was done after 2weeks and 3, 6 months postoperatively to measure bone density around inserted implants and vertical bone loss. Results: Radiographic evaluation showed significant higher bone density and lesser vertical bone loss around the inserted implants in groupII than groupI after two weeks, 6 and 9 months. Also, implant stability measurements at six and nine months showed higher values in group II than in group I. 4 / 21 Conclusion: immediate implant placement can be done successfully using either OsteonII or BioGen bone grafts but, BioGenare superior with using immediate dental implant than OsteonII regarding bone density and implant stability around implant. Key words:Alloplastic bone grafts-Immidiate placement-CBCT–Implant stability.

Two Different Techniques for Alveolar Ridge Expansion

Abstract: Aim of the study: To evaluate the efficacy of two different techniques for maxillary alveolar ridge expansion, the osteotome and screwexpander. Patients and methods: This study was carried out on 16 healthy male patients received 16 implants. Average age 40 years. Each patient has partial edentulous maxilla with bone width not less than 4 mm and height not less than 10 mm. The patients were divided into two equal groups. In group I, implant site was prepared by osteotomes of increasing diameter to reach the planned osteotomy width, group II, implant site was prepared by expansion screws of increasing diameter to reach the planned osteotomy width. Clinical evaluation was done 24 hours postoperatively for edema, wound dehiscence, pain and signs of infection and regular checkups were done weekly during the first month. Radiographic evaluation using CBCT was done after 3 and 9 months postoperatively to measure bone density around inserted implants and vertical bone loss. Implant stability was measured by using Osstell ISQ device for all the implants of the two groups after 6 months (before loading) and after 9 months. Results: Radiographic evaluation showed significant higher bone density and lesser vertical bone loss around the inserted implants in group I than in group II after 3 and 9 months. Also, implant stability measurements at six and nine months showed highly significant values in group I more than in group II. Conclusion: Maxillary alveolar ridge expansion with osteotome is superior to screwexpander regarding to bone density and osseointegration.

Correlation of Implant Stability Between Two Noninvasive Methods Using Submerged and Nonsubmerged Healing Protocols: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Various invasive and noninvasive methods have been used for measuring primary implant stability. Periotest damping device and resonance frequency analysis with the Osstell device have been classified as noninvasive methods. Primary and secondary implant stability measurements using both devices have given reproducible quantitative values. In this clinical randomized trial, a general correlation was evaluated between the implant stability recorded using both Osstell and Periotest devices on the day of implant installation and 3 months after healing for the submerged and nonsubmerged loading protocols. The present study also investigated whether the difference in gender of the included patients would have an effect on the correlation between the two devices. Eighty completely edentulous patients were recruited, and all patients ranged from 50 to 69 years of age. Overall, 56 men and 24 women were included, with a mean age of 62.5 years for men and 59.6 years for women. A single implant was installed in the midline of the completely edentulous mandible to improve retention of the patient's lower denture. After implant installation, one implant stability quotient (ISQ) value at the buccal surface was recorded, and then the Periotest M device was used to measure the damping effect (Periotest value [PTV]) of the installed implant using the smart peg screwed to the implant. Patients were then randomized into 2 groups using sealed envelopes: the submerged and nonsubmerged groups. For both groups, all ISQ and Periotest readings were recorded in the patient's case report file on the day of implant installation and 3 months after healing. When the ISQ of the buccal surface was correlated to the PTV, there was a moderate negative statistically significant correlation between the 2 readings (correlation coefficient = -.466, P = .000). There tended to be a weak negative correlation between the 2 devices in the male group (correlation coefficient = .395, P = .046) during implant installation, although there tended to be no correlation between the 2 devices in the female group (correlation coefficient = -.367, P = .342). After 3 months of healing, when correlating the readings of the buccal surface of the Osstell with that of the Periotest within each group (submerged and nonsubmerged), there was no statistically significant correlation between the readings within each group (correlation coefficient = -.014, -.430, P = .942, P = .052, respectively). However, there was a strong negative statistically significant correlation between the 2 devices for the female group for both the nonsubmerged group (correlation coefficient = -.823, P = .003) and submerged group (correlation coefficient = -.857, P = .014), whereas there was no statistically significant correlation within the male group for both the nonsubmerged group (correlation coefficient = -.377, P = .123) and submerged group (correlation coefficient = -.022, P = .940). The correlation between the Osstel and Periotest device remains controversial. The present study concluded that there is a significant negative correlation between the 2 devices when recording primary implant stability, although this significance is lost after 3 months of loading when recording secondary implant stability. Gender also affects the implant stability recording, which is mainly due to the difference in bone density between men and women.

A General Correlation of Primary Implant Stability between the Non-Invasive Methods Osstell and Periotest

Background: Dental implants have become one of the widest spread reliable treatment options in replacing missing teeth restoring both function and esthetics. One of the important criteria for a successful osseointegration of dental implants is achieving good primary and secondary implant stability. Various invasive and non-invasive methods have been used for measuring primary implant stability. Periotest damping device, and resonance frequency analysis (RFA) with the Osstell device have been classified as non-invasive methods. Primary and secondary implant stability measurements using both devices have given a reproducible quantitative value. Aim/ Objectives: In this clinical randomized trial, a general correlation was done between the primary implant stability recorded using Osstell and that recorded using Periotest at the day of implant installation. Materials and Method: Eighty completely edentulous patients were recruited. A single implant was placed in the midline of the mandible and primary implant stability was tested on the day of implant installation using the Osttell and Periotest devices. The implant stability quotient values (ISQ) and the Periotest values (PTV) were collected and statistically analyzed to detect if there was a general correlation between the two devices regarding primary implant stability. Results: There is a general weak negative correlation between the readings of the two devices with a statistically significant difference between the Osstell readings to that of the Periotest readings (r=-0.335, -0.314). Conclusion: Periotest readings on the day of implant installation seem to be as reliable as the readings of the Osstell device for recording primary stability.

Comparison of Measurements of Implant Stability by Two Different Radio Frequency Analysis Systems: An In Vitro Study

Aim:To compare and evaluate the implant stability quotient (ISQ) measurements by two different radio frequency analysis (RFA) machines, Osstell Mentor and PenguinRFA.Materials and Methods:Twenty bone-level implants (3.7 × 10 mm2) were placed on a bovine bone in this in vitro study. The ISQ measurements were performed with the PenguinRFAand Osstell Mentor machines using the multipeg of the Penguin system. The measurements were repeated three times for each direction and an average ISQ value was calculated. The results were averaged (mean ± SD) and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to assess the relationship between the measurements.Result:The mean ISQ values for the Osstell and Penguin machines were 77.60 + 2.11 and 78.05 + 2.04, respectively. The ICC was 0.958. The ISQ values obtained from the Osstell and Penguin machines were significantly compatible ( P &lt; .05).Conclusion:Both of the RFA devices provided similar and reliable ISQ measurements.

3D full-field strain in bone-implant and bone-tooth constructs and their morphological influential factors

The biomechanics of bone-tooth and bone-implant interfaces affects the outcomes of several dental treatments, such as implant placement, because bone, tooth and periodontal ligament are living tissues that adapt to the changes in mechanical stimulations. In this work, mechanical testing coupled with micro-CT was performed on human cadaveric mandibular bone-tooth and bone-implant constructs. Using digital volume correlation, the 3D full-field strain in bone under implant loading and tooth loading was measured. Concurrently, bone morphology and bone-implant and bone-tooth contact were also measured through the analysis of micro-CT images. The results show that strain in bone increased when a tooth was replaced by a dental implant. Strain concentration was observed in peri-implant bone, as well as in the buccal bone plate, which is also the clinically-observed bone resorption area after implant placement. Decreasing implant stability measurements (resonance frequency analysis and torque test) indicated increased peri-implant strain, but their relationships may not be linear. Peri-implant bone strain linearly increased with decreasing bone-implant contact (BIC) ratio. It also linearly decreased with increasing bone-tooth/bone-implant contact ratio. The high strain in the buccal bone plate linearly increased with decreasing buccal bone plate thickness. The results of this study revealed 3D full-field strain in bone-tooth and bone-implant constructs, as well as their several morphological influential factors.

The methods of dental implant stability measurement: A review

Osseointegrasyon, protezi desteklemek için temel oluşturabilecek bir implant gövdesine doğrudan bir kemik ankrajının olması olarak tanımlanır. İmplant stabilitesi, kemik ve implant yüzeyi arasında direk yapısal ve fonksiyonel bağlantı olan osseointegrasyon için önemli rol oynamaktadır. İmplant stabilitesi, primer ve sekonder stabilite olarak 2 aşamada meydana gelmektedir. Primer stabilite, çoğunlukla kortikal kemik ile mekanik bağlanma sonucu ortaya çıkarken; sekonder stabilite, kemik rejenerasyonu ve remodelasyonu yoluyla biyolojik stabilite sunar. Başarılı ve sürdürülebilir implant stabilitesi istenen başarılı bir klinik sonuçtur. Bu nedenle implant stabilitesinin ölçüm yöntemleri implant başarısının değerlendirilmesi bakımından oldukça önemlidir. İmplant stabilitesini değerlendirmek amacı ile çeşitli yöntemler kullanılmaktadır. Bu derlemede literatürdeki bilgiler ışığında yöntemlerin avantaj ve dezavantajları, birbirleriyle karşılaştırılarak yöntemlerin klinik kullanımları hakkında detaylı bilgi verilmesi amaçlanmıştır.